Radiophysics Faculty :: Department of Physical Electronics

Common Information

History

The oldest department of the faculty was founded in 1932 together with other special physical departments of the recommenced Kiev University under an initiative of the corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences Ukraine SSR, Prof. N.D.Morgulis - the well-known founder of the Kiev school of a physical electronics and the continuous head of the department up to 1976. The problem laboratory of physical electronics was established at the department in 1965 for providing the further development of scientific investigations. Prof. Associate I.P.Shashurin was executing a duty of the department head in 1976-1986. Prof. Yu.I.Chutov was the head of the department since 1986 up to 2002. Now, prof. I.O.Anisimov is the head of the department.

For all lifetime the department has trained more than thousand highly skilled experts for needs of science, education and national economy. Among of them graduates of department - academician NAS Ukraine Yu.P.Korchevoy and N.G.Nahodkin, professors of Kiev university Yu.I.Chutov, D.O.Gorodetsky, S.M.Levitsky, G.Ya.Pikus, V.F.Shnykov.

The training of the experts at the department is made in the framework of training cycles that include original courses created at the department, practical occupations including study-scientific seminars and laboratory practical works. Among these courses, there are physical bases of electronics, plasma physics simulations by PIC method, radioelectronics, electronics engineering, and UHF electronics.

Researches

The intensive investigations of actual problems of a physical electronics are carried out at the departmet including problems of low-temperature plasmas and gas discharges as well as an emission electronics engineering.

The most important scientific results are following :

The fundamental researches of oxide cathodes physics (the head of scientific group - N.D.Morgulis) was carried out during 1933-1966. As a result, new phenomena were experimentally established namely: the emission of negative ions from oxide cathodes, the substances dissociation of these cathodes under influence of electronic impacts, fuming from them various gas components, the influence of these gases on a thermionic emission etc. It was established an influence the volumetric and contact resistances of a barrier film on the thermoionic emission of oxide cathodes. The temperature and current dependences of these resistances were investigated. The nonohmicity of oxide cathode layer was established at high emission currents. At the ivestigations, modern research methods were widely used the ultrahigh vacuum including radioisotope and mass spectroscopy methodes.

The new method of direct conversion of a thermal energy into an electrical energy by plasma diodes was found. Complex researches of a basic physics of the method was carried out in 1959-70 (the head of scientiefic group - N.D.Morgulis). The important factores of the energy converter were widely investigated including properties of low-temperature caesium plasmas and emissive properties of different materials under the operation mode in caesium vapour was investigated. In the framework of the investigations, the photo-resonance plasma was establish in 1965 by N.D.Morgulis, Yu.P. Korchevoj, and A.M.Przhonsky that was registered by the International Association of scientific discovery authors (Certificate NA-118 from 4.08.1998).

The researches of thermosoftening recording of the information have been carried out in 1960-1970 (the head of scientific group - N.G.Nahodkin). As a result, fundamentals process of the hidden electrostatic shape creation at thermosoftening recording of the information were established. That has adduced to creation of recording systems of the holograms in real-time and in all visible part of a spectrum. These investigations uncovered a principal physics of recording of the information on phase thermosoftening carriers. N.G.Nahodkin, N.G.Kuvshinsky, and V.P.Nemcev were awarded the Ukrainian SSR State Premium in 1970.

The research of ionic crystal evaporation, carried out in 1970-90 (the head of scientific group - G.Ya.Pikus), have shown a main role of an crystal electronic subsystem during the evaporation and the creation of surface layers of a non-stoichiometrical composition. It was shown the possibility of creation of such layers with given electronic properties by using an influence on the electronic subsystem, in particular by heating or by an external radiation or an external electric field. That open new perspectives for the microelectronic device development.

The wide experimental researches and computer simulations of impulse plasmas with the moving boundary which has been caried out in 1970-85 (the head of scientific group - Yu.I.Chutov), have allowed to establish new physical properties of bounded plasma clouds and beams, pulsing gase discharges, and shock waves in gas discharge plasmas. The investigations of interaction of impulse moving plasmas with magnetic fields have allowed successfully to simulate physical processes in magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) generators. These researches habe been carried out by original optical and probe techniques with high spatial and temporary resolutions.

The computer simulations and theoretical investigations of dusty plasmas (plasmas with dusty particles) is successfully developed at the department (the head of scientific group - Yu.I.Chutov) from 1994. As a result of the investigations, the kinetic equation for a whole velocity distribution function in relaxing dusty plasmas is formulated. The equation is a basis of kinetic computer simulations of dusty plasmas and dusty sheaths. Obtained results were printed in many international scientific physical journals and proceedings of many scientific conferences. The investigations is a basis of the scientific cooperation of the department with the Eindhoven Technical University (The Netherlands), FOM Institute for Plasma Physics (The Netherlands), and Nagoya University (Japan).

Staff

Professors:

• Yu.I.Chutov
• V.V.Ilchenko
• I.O.Anisimov
• S.M.Levitsky

Associate Professors:

• M.S.Baranchuk, emeritus
• V.Ya.Chernyak
• O.Yu.Kravchenko
• O.Ye.Lushkin
• Ye.V.Martysh
• B.I.Mikhailovsky, emeritus
• I.P.Shashurin, emeritus
• A.N.Veklich

Assistant Professor:

• I.I.Bekh

Senior Researchers:

• O.I.Kravchenko
• K.G.Filonenko

Junior Researchers:

• R.D.Smirnov

Invited Professors:

• A.G.Naumovec, Academician of NAS Ukraine, Academician Secretar of Department Physics of NAS Ukraine, Department Head of Physics Iinstitute of NAS Ukraine
• A.G.Zagorodniy, Corresponding Member of NAS Ukraine, Department Head of Theoretical Physics Institute of NAS Ukraine

Experemental set up:

• Experimental set up for complete investigations of shock waves in gas discharge plasma.
• Experimental set up for complete investigations of plasma jets in gases.
• Experimental set up for complete investigations of pulsing discharges in dielectric cells.
• Experimental set up for complete investigations of physical & chemical and emission properties of condensed matter surfaces.
• Experimental set up for optical investigations of impulse plasma.